Islamabad: The process for resolving legislative deadlocks between the National Assembly and the Senate involves a joint parliamentary session when a bill is rejected or delayed by the Senate. This mechanism allows for members of both houses to vote collectively on the bill, potentially favoring the more populous National Assembly, which has 336 members compared to the Senate's 36.

According to Free and Fair Election Network, if a bill passed by the National Assembly is rejected by the Senate or not passed within 90 days, or if it is amended by the Senate but not accepted by the Assembly, the bill's mover can request a joint sitting of Parliament. The Speaker of the National Assembly is then responsible for referring the bill to this joint session or requesting the President to summon one if it is not already in session.

The joint sitting procedure is governed by the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in the National Assembly, 2007, which have been amended 21 times since their passage. The most recent amendment occurred on October 22, 2024. This mechanism is constitutionally provided to resolve bicameral disagreements, thus ensuring that legislative processes are not stalled indefinitely due to differences between the two houses.