Lahore: A groundbreaking study by Ms Madiha Sikander, a PhD scholar at the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the University of Lahore, has unveiled several critical factors influencing the risk of Spina bifida, a serious birth defect. The study highlights the roles of genetic predisposition, folic acid levels, and oxidative stress in the development of the condition.

According to The University of Lahore, Ms Sikander’s research under Prof Dr Javed Anver Qureshi’s supervision examined the genetic and biochemical dynamics contributing to Spina bifida. The research encompassed a detailed cross-sectional analysis comparing affected individuals with healthy controls, focusing particularly on demographics, biochemical markers, and genetic factors.

The study identified correlations between occupation, income, and consanguinity with the incidence of Spina bifida, whereas geographic location appeared unrelated. It also established a significant link between low blood folate levels, high glycated hemoglobin, and the condition. Notably, elevated Superoxide Dismutase levels in affected individuals suggested oxidative stress as a contributing factor.

Further genetic analysis indicated a heightened vulnerability in individuals with specific polymorphisms in the MTHFR and MTRR genes. The study also discouraged consanguineous marriages, which are linked to higher rates of congenital anomalies, advocating for public health interventions.

Given the increasing prevalence of Spina bifida in Pakistan, Ms Sikander emphasized the necessity for public awareness campaigns focusing on folic acid consumption, antenatal care, and the risks of gestational diabetes. The research calls for urgent development of a national strategy to mitigate the incidence of Spina bifida and enhance life quality for those affected.